As of June 2023, Fugaku is the second most powerful computer in the world, with a theoretical peak performance of 514 PFlop/s. Fugaku is hosted by RIKEN Center for Computational Science in the city of Kobe, Japan, and the system is manufactured by Fujitsu.
Fukagu is a bit of an exception in the top 10 as it uses ARM A64FX processors. Each processor has 48 computational cores running with a clock frequency of 2.2 GHz. Each node contains a single CPU and additional assistant cores (two in computational nodes and four in I/O nodes), and in total, there are 7,299,072 cores in the system. The total amount of memory is 4,866,048 gigabytes.
The declared power consumption of Fugaku is 28 MW. For perspective, ordinary sauna stoves used in Finnish saunas have a power consumption of around nine kW, which means the 28 MW used by the Japanese supercomputer equals that of around 3,100 sauna stoves.
Summit is hosted by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, and it is a prime example of a modern-day accelerated supercomputer based on GPUs. Summit has in total 4,608 nodes, each of which contains two IBM POWER9 processors and six NVIDIA Volta V100 GPUs. The theoretical peak performance of the system is 201 PFlop/s. The total amount of memory is over 10,000,000 gigabytes, and the declared power consumption is 10 MW. Yet again, that is around 1100 saunas in terms of power draw.
The Chinese Sunway TaihuLight was the world’s fastest supercomputer for two years in 2016–2017, and it is still (in June 2023) number seven on the list with a theoretical peak performance of 125 PFlop/s. Although the Chinese-designed CPU cores are not particularly fast, running only at 1.45 GHz, there are a total of 256 of them in each CPU. In total, there are over 10,000,000 cores in the system and over 1,000,000 gigabytes of memory.
The system runs its own Linux-based operating system, and the programming environment is also heavily customized in order to support the Sunway CPU architecture. The declared power consumption is 15 MW. This time we’re looking at around 1600 saunas drawing power simultaneously.
As of June 2023, LUMI (Large Unified Modern Infrastructure) is the third most powerful supercomputer in the world, with theoretical peak perfomance of 428.70 PFlop/s. LUMI is one of the EuroHPC pre-exascale supercomputer, located at CSC's data center in Kajaani, Finland.
LUMI consits of different partitions and it's performance is largely based on of GPUs. It's GPU partition LUMI-G has 2560 nodes each having one 64 core AMD EPYC 7A53 processor, four AMD MI250x GPUs and 512 GB of memory. Second notable partition is LUMI-C consisting of 1536 CPU based compute nodes. Vendor of LUMI is HPE Cray.
In total LUMI consumes in total 6016 kW of power which turns into heat. This waste heat is used to power district heating in Kajaani, reducing the entire city's carbon footprint.
As of June 2023, Frontier is the most powerful supercomputer in the world, with theoretical peak performance of 1679.82 PFlop/s. Frontier is hosted by Oak Ridge National Laboratory in United States.
Frontier is similar HPE Cray sytem to LUMI but with more nodes which makes it more powerful. In total Frontier uses 22703 kW of power.